We outline how you can realize your teaching dream in California.
Have a Bachelor's degree from a qualified institution.
This is the minimum academic requirements before landing a teaching job in California.
Complete a teacher certification program in California.
The Commission for Teacher Credentialing (CTC) sets the main teaching conditions that you must complete before landing a teaching job in California. This is normally a preparation program on your preferred subject as well as general qualification tests for educators. Your math, reading, and writing skills will be assessed via the California Basic Education Skills Test (CBEST). For multi-course teachers, you'll need to pass the California Subject Examinations for Teachers (CSET) Multiple Subjects Exam. Moreover, all candidates should go through the U. S. constitution and pass an accompanying test.
Fulfill the student teaching requirements and necessary teaching hours.
A regular teaching program is approved by the CTC, and candidates must complete at least 600hours'worth of field experience. You will be guided by a licensed practitioner(专业人员) when taking part in co-teaching or teaching residency (实习). Normally, there are different requirements depending on your program.
The background check.
This is mostly an administrative matter. Requirements must go through a Live Scan. The aim of this check is to figure out whether applicants have prior run-ins with the law.
Send in your application.
After going through the procedure, you can then apply to be a certified teacher in California. Normally, you'll need to provide relevant performance reports of teacher certification programs and prove that you have the required skills to handle students. The application process is through the CTC online entrance.
Pay the fees.
Potential teachers should expect a $100 fee when applying and a further $2. 50 to facilitate the online process. Candidates from a different state submitting fingerprint cards normally part with $ 49.
The death of Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, the woman to sit on the high court, felt like a personal loss to generations of American women, as well as young girls.
"For women, she was the most important legal advocate in American history. She changed the way the law sees gender," said Abbe Gluck, a Yale Law School professor and former clerk of Justice Ginsburg. "The United States Supreme Court did not even recognize that the constitution prohibits discrimination based on gender until 1971—and that's Justice Ginsburg's case. " Young Ginsburg spoke out loud her dissent(异议) in the face of all the honorable judges in the court, "The court takes away women's right to make an autonomous choice, even at the expense of their safety. This way of thinking reflects ancient ideas about women's place in the family and under the constitution. "
In the 1950s, Ginsburg went to Harvard Law School, where she was one of nine women in a class of 500 students. There she became the first female member of the Harvard Law Review. Despite finishing top of her class when she graduated, she struggled to find employment. Eventually, in 1963, she became a law professor at Rutgers Law School, where she turned her attention to gender discrimination.
In the 1970s, the young Ginsburg convinced the entire nation, through her arguments at the Supreme Court, to adopt the view of gender equality where equal means the same-not special accommodations for either gender. She argued six cases before the Supreme Court as a lawyer with the American Civil Liberties Union, winning five.
Gluck said, "Ginsburg cared deeply about our work lives and our personal lives. She got to know our children. She taught me what it means to lead a life committed to the causes of social justice. She demanded a lot from us, but she demands more from herself. I think it is absolutely extraordinary that Justice Ginsburg was both a hero to the women of the 1970s and then an icon to the little girls of today. "
Ayla Bashir, a 16-month-old girl from Ottowa, Canada, is healthy after doctors used a new method to treat her before she was born.
Ayla Bashir has a rare genetic disease that killed two of her sisters. The disease, called Pompe, causes the body to fail to make some or all of an important enzyme(酶). Babies with Pompe disease have trouble feeding and experience muscle weakness. They often have very enlarged hearts, and when left untreated, most babies die during the first year of life.
Luckily, a new case study describes the new treatment method that seems to be working for Ayla. Dr. Karen Fung-Kee-Fung is a medicine specialist who works with fetuses (胎儿) at The Ottawa Hospital. She co-worked with Dr. Tippi MacKenzie, both of whom were motivated to bring their research to this family.
In this case, doctors delivered important enzymes to the mother through her stomach, The enzymes were then guided into the umbilical cord(脐带). Ayla received six treatments every two weeks, starting at about 24 weeks of fetus development. Now Ayla receives drugs for her immune system(免疫系统) and weekly enzyme treatments that take five to six hours. Unless a new method is found, Ayla is likely to continue the treatments throughout her life.
For now, doctors are waiting to see whether the treatment can become a generally accepted form of treatment. Dr. Christina Lam said it will take some time to clearly demonstrate whether the results of the new treatment are better for patients.
The young girl's parents recently told The Associated Press their daughter is now an active, happy girl who is growing normally. The future for Ayla is hopeful but uncertain. "It amazes us every time," said her mother, Sobia Qureshi. "We're so blessed. "
Change appears to be the only "constant" factor in the educational field. To provide students with the best education possible, policy makers might have to leave behind the practice of cookie-cutter education while hoping for a different result. After all, students' needs and learning styles vary greatly.
Some students might have a better chance of success with a flexible schedule, especially if they must work a part-time job to help their families financially. For others, a curriculum that includes more of the arts or STEM or other careers might be ideal if the "traditional" class offerings don't seem to fit their career interests. Providing more choices and changing what the "classroom" looks like won't necessarily result in confusion if the proper guidance is given by teachers and academic advisors. Instead, students would gain a broader awareness of the opportunities that are available.
Furthermore students are exploring other post-secondary options. By involving more real-world experiences in the learning process, they'll invest more time and attention into their learning. Many schools at the secondary level are already including more course offerings that give students more of these types of experiences. Some of these situations come in the form of dual(双的) credit where classes count towards both college and high school credit. Others offer working practice with local businesses or agencies where students can try out a particular job or work setting to see if it suits them. In either case, students are gaining the training and experience at an earlier age that will equip them to make important decisions about their future.
As for the teachers in leadership roles, it's wise to place the decision making in the hands of the teachers. The reasoning behind this idea lies primarily with the fact that they know their students best and are most aware of their needs and those of their families. Furthermore, teachers have a vested(既得)interest in policy making since they are the first ones affected by new curriculum, assessment procedures, and any other factor that comes into play.
According to a study done by University of Michigan researchers, shopping to relieve stress was up to 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control. In fact, shopping to reduce stress can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered. Shopping to relieve stress is also called retail therapy as a form of regulating stress.
However, the side effect of retail therapy is unavoidable. But in time, it possibly grows into a trend that runs out of finances and causes conflicts, therefore adding a significant amount of stress to a person's life.
Whether you're purchasing Christmas presents or buying groceries, it's wise to have the items you need written down before going. That will provide you with clarity and order while you're shopping. Reward yourself for sticking to your list and you'll be more likely to commit to it: buy a cup of coffee while shopping or plan a fun activity for when you return home.
Think about what you struggle with most financially. Do you spend too much money at the mall? Eating out? Vacations? Make a list of where your money is going and take necessary steps to avoid temptations. For example, if you spend too much money on dining out on the weekends, stock your cupboard with groceries on Friday.
Give up the need to keep up with your neighbors, co-workers, and friends. Everyone's financial situation is different and it's dependent upon a variety of factors, least of all being one's self worth. Comparison leads to debt. Appreciate what you currently have by practicing gratitude.
A. They max out the credit card.
B. Prepare a list prior to shopping.
C. This will encourage you to stay in and cook.
D. It can start out as a relatively harmless mood booster.
E. You even became dissatisfied with what you already have.
F. The positive mood boost that followed those purchases wasn't long-lasting.
G. And shoppers were three times happier than those only looking through items.
Dalena worked as a teacher in a small Indian village, where girls attended school only for primary education. Mala was a(n)1 girl in Dalena's class, whom Dalena was proud of. Dalena always instructed her girl students about the importance of2 , self-respect, and courage. So, it was surprising when Mala was3 for more than a week.
Dalena decided to4 in Mala's home. Mala's parents5 their plan to get Mala married. Greatly6 , Dalena argued, "I don't believe it! But she is too young to know what7 means and what the responsibilities are. Mala is not ready physically, 8 or emotionally. " Mala's father said, "But our family9 won't allow girls to continue school, and the seniors of the family may also10 ".
Dalena said, "I do respect your customs, but these are old11 . Nowadays, girls can12 to great heights because of their education. Please reconsider it. "
In the next two weeks, Dalena visited the family many times. Finally, Mala's father13 to let Mala go back to school.
Mala14 her learning opportunities and rose to be a topper in her school. Years later, with hard work, Mala became a senior Civil Services Officer in her city. Mala proudly said, "It is the15 of my teacher that has made me what I am today. "
Lanzhou is the capital of Gansu Province, which stretches alongside the Yellow River and has a long history. It used to be stop on the ancient Silk Road.
When comes to "Lanzhou", the word "lamian" will enter most Chinese people's heads. The city sits in the northwest of the country, but there are restaurants (serve) Lanzhou lamian in almost every urban area you can point to on a Chinese map.
(natural), there's nothing quite like eating these noodles in Lanzhou itself. In one of our favorite English-language (article) on Lanzhou lamian, writer Christopher St. Cavish picks out Wu Mu Le as the (good) spot of all in the city to head to. Though there are lamian joints all over the city, this restaurant (perfect) its craft in the past two decades. "There's only one Wu Mu Le in China," St. Cavish writes, "and Zhang Yu, the (found),says it's going to stay that way, even as many investors turn to other hand-pulled noodle industry. "
These hand-stretched noodles (accompany) by thin slices of cold beef with a handful of chopped spring onions, with a helping of spicy chili oil. It's a super satisfying dish whenever you are in Lanzhou. A proper bowl of Lanzhou lamian is one of those dishes never fail to hit the spot.
Jessica and Cayla were two sisters, who loved each other very much. They were not only sisters, but they were best friends, too. They liked to eat, play, go to school and do everything together. Nothing could break them apart!
One day, there was a running race competition at school. Both Jessica and Cayla were very fast runners and they were sure they would win if they signed up for it. They were very excited to participate together. And there were other friends too, who were all going to run.
The judge blew the whistle. . . toooot!! Everyone started running. Jessica and Cayla were running as fast as they could. They were running so fast that they passed everyone in a very short time. The audience was cheering, "Look at the sisters. They are so fast, like lightening!" Hearing the cheers, they ran even faster. They barely looked at each other.
Suddenly Cayla hit a stone on the race track. She got hurt and fell down, with her leg bleeding. She called Jessica to stop and give her a hand. She groaned(呻吟) with pain. But Jessica wouldn't stop or look. She guessed that Cayla just had a slight fall. She had only one thought on her mind. She had to win this race!
Jessica reached the finish line first. The judge announced, "You are the first, Jessica!" But, there was no applause from the crowd. Jessica was surprised. She had won but no one was clapping for her. She turned back to see if her sister Cayla was close behind her. But she was not there! Jessica was worried that something bad had happened.
Jessica started running back. Soon she reached the spot where Cayla was lying injured. Jessica felt awful. She was not there for her sister when she needed her the most.
注意：
1）续写词数应为150词左右;
2）请按下面格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Feeling guilty for her behavior, Jessica sat down to check Cayla's injury.
When both the sisters reached the finish line, they hugged.
