Alan Mathison Turing was born in England in 1912. Like many talents who go on to great things, Turing showed his incredible intelligence from a very young age. In fact, by the time he was halfway through primary school, Turing's teachers had already realized he was a mathematical genius. He could do complex calculating in his head even though he had never been taught about it.
Fortunately, Turing was the opposite of Hawking, and he absolutely loved school. Proof of this is the extreme lengths he would go just to get to class. For example, on one occasion when there was a train strike, Turing even cycled 60 miles to attend. Now that's devotion!
However, in spite of Turing's scholarly attitude and his obvious genius, his teachers had their concerns about his future. This is because well-known schools in Britain like the ones Turing attended regarded the Classics, such as Latin and Greek as the most important, not subjects like maths and science. Turing's proud teachers even wrote letters to his parents asking them to convince the young man to focus more on the Classics. Imagine how different the world might be if the young Turing had listened to his teachers! Thankfully, his love for all things scientific and mathematical meant there was no chance of that.
After finishing secondary school, Turing completed a degree in mathematics at King's College Cambridge, and then obtained his PhD from Princeton University in the USA. It was during these university years that he invented the Turing Machine, which is considered by many people to be the earliest version of a computer processing unit. It sounds unbelievable that anybody could have invented something which was similar to a computer in 1936. But that just shows how far ahead of his time Alan Turing was, even when he was still a young man.
How does your family celebrate Mother's Day? Do you give her flowers or make her a card? The original mother's days were observed rather differently.
Julia Ward Howe was the first person to propose that the United States observe a national mother's day. She joined the U.S. Sanitary Commission during the American Civil War. Following the war, Howe became a supporter for peace. In 1872, Howe organized Mother's Peace Day to improve working conditions in mines and provide better education for poor children.
But Mothers' Peace Day never became a national holiday. Mother's Day owes its origin to the efforts of Anna Jarvis, a daughter who wanted to honor her mother, Ann.
In 1858, Ann began a tradition of Mothers' Work Days in Taylor County, the rural community where infection and disease were common. Ann begged doctors to teach her and her neighbors how to improve the family health. On Mothers' Work Days, they helped and taught other mothers.
Ann once concluded: "I hope that someone, sometime, will found a memorial mother's day." When Ann died on May 9, 1905, Anna determined to fulfill her mother's wish.
Anna wrote hundreds of letters to politicians and spoke often to promote the establishment of Mother's Day. On May 10, 1908, Anna addressed a large Mother's Day celebration. She urged children to show love and thanks for their mothers "by words, gifts, acts of affection... "
The idea of a day honoring mothers spread quickly throughout the country and became official in 1914, when President Woodrow Wilson signed a resolution establishing the second Sunday in May as Mother's Day.
While few today think of Mother's Day as a day to do charity work in the community, you can still follow Anna to celebrate it.
Four "amateur (业余的) astronauts" are about to launch into orbit in another landmark mission for space tourism. It's the latest flight to help open up access to space for paying customers. The trip has been paid for by US billionaire businessman Jared Isaacman, who will travel with three crewmates. A healthcare worker, a science educator and a data analyst will circle the Earth with Mr Isaacman for three days. They hope to inspire others with their adventure and to raise money for children's cancer medicine. Accordingly, the mission has been named Inspiration 4.
The crew's Dragon vehicle, made by Elon Musk's company Space X, will ride a Falcon-9 rocket. It is due to launch from Florida's Kennedy Space Center at 20:02 EDT on Wednesday, or very shortly after. The spacecraft will reach an altitude of 575km, which is about 150km higher than the International Space Station (ISS). The four will then spend their time doing experiments and looking at Earth through a large domed window which offers panoramic views of the whole planet.
The mission follows hot on the heels of Sir Richard Branson's flight aboard his Virgin Galactic rocket plane on 11 July, and fellow billionaire Jeff Bezos' trip to space nine days later in the New Shepard vehicle. The glass dome has been fitted in place of the mechanism that Dragon normally uses to dock with the ISS, which isn't needed on this flight.
In the 60 years since Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin first went into space, fewer than 600 people have followed in his footsteps; and most of those have been military-trained personnel flying on government-sponsored missions. Inspiration 4 is different. It'll be a fully commercially purchased and operated orbital flight. NASA helped fund the development of a lot of the technology used by Elon Musk's company, and did so to try to diversify the economy in low-Earth orbit.
London, being one of the most important cities of the modern world, is also a most visited tourist destination. With enormous political, economic, and cultural influence, the city has been the centre of the western world for hundreds of years. It's difficult to imagine that less than 2,000 years ago, this energetic city was nothing more than a remote settlement for the western superpower of that time: the mighty Roman Empire.
In 55 BC, the Romans founded a small port settlement on the banks of the River Thames called Londinium. Within 150 years, Londinium's population had risen to 45,000 and it had become a major trading post. While modern London is surely far bigger, ancient Londinium is still there in the heart of the city, where it's more commonly known as the City of London. This area is the important financial centre of Britain. Therefore, it has its own local authorities and mayor.
To answer this question, we really need to consider what was happening across Europe. At the height of its power, the Roman Empire held ups and downs over most of Europe, as well as huge areas of Africa. While this had brought the Romans considerable wealth and power, it had brought them to a breaking point in terms of their ability to control their territories (领土) and maintain political power. Eventually, the empire began to fade. Rome stopped sending soldiers to help Londonium. By 407 AD, the Romans had abandoned the city altogether, and for the next 650 years, the Anglo-Saxons ruled the area. As a coastal settlement, Londoners were constantly under threat of Viking attacks. More peaceful times came when Alfred the Great finally defeated the Vikings, and when his son, King Edward the Confessor, moved his Royal Court to Westminster Abbey in around 1040, London became the official royal city of England.
This continued to be the case when the Normans conquered Britain in 1066, and their leader, William the Conqueror, was crowned the first Norman King of England in Westminster Abbey. Today it is known as the Tower of London.
A. So how did London get its start?
B. These were difficult, bloody centuries.
C. He built himself a royal castle to protect his power.
D. He moved his royal court out of Westminster Abbey.
E. But if Londinium was booming, why did the Romans leave?
F. While it is part of modern London, it is also technically a distinct county.
I fell in love with the wallet immediately when it was gifted to me by a close friend. But the wallet was not only beautiful, it had a1. It loved to run away. I lost it almost weekly. Fortunately the most 2 place for me to lose it was in my own house, so of course I would finally find it.
One day,3 , as I was leaving a football stadium, the wallet once again 4 from my pocket. I discovered the 5 and searched the house as usual. Nothing. But a week later, a complete stranger was calling with news of my wallet. This man, in a(n) 6 to find whom the wallet 7 , looked inside of it, and found a check which happened to have my phone number on it.
But a short while later, my wallet once again went missing. I took the subway to the gym, and 8 a station in downtown Oakland. When I got to the gym, I 9 for my wallet only to find it wasn't there. This time I got really scared and 10 . There was no way I would find my wallet. 11 , it was lost on the busy, 12 , traffic-filled streets of downtown Oakland. But it was too 13 to give up without a search. I had to find it, so I looked for it 14 the whole station, and ran down the street asking whomever I encountered if they had seen a small elephant wallet. No luck. I knew that I had 15 lost it for good.
A few weeks later, I got an email saying that a man 16 my wallet, when he walked the same route I was on. Why was I so lucky?
I don't know if I have faith in 17 or opportunity, but I do know I18 humanity and the selfless acts of 19. Every day my hope for the world is 20 when I remember all of the people who go out of their way to help whomever they can.
China Oriental Performing Arts Group has launched its street dance group, managed by a national-level performing arts company. Dating back to the 1950s, it is known for its grand dance performance, (combine) singing and dancing shows of various styles. The company performs at home and abroad, (significant) impacting cultural exchanges.
The newly established dance group, was officially announced at the headquarters of China Oriental Performing Arts Group in Beijing on April 29, will bring audiences street dance shows, as well as train street dancers. Street dance is the general term for different dance (style), including breaking (霹雳舞), hip-hop, locking, popping and house. with its own history and different look, each style is independent. Over the past decades, young people (attract) by street dance on various levels, as an art form, a competitive activity or for physical exercise.
In 2020, breaking became an official Olympic sport. In an effort to attract younger audiences, the International Olympic Committee has added the form of street dance the medal events program for the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris. "The whole scene of street dance is starting a new chapter in China nowadays. We are excited to witness this moment, with the birth of this new street dance group, the first national-level street dance group in China," says Li Jialong, president of the group, adding that it took over a year (prepare) the new street dance group.
