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安徽省宣城市2020-2021学年高二上学期英语期末试卷

更新时间:2021-11-29 浏览次数:79 类型:期末考试
一、阅读选择
  • 1. 阅读理解

    Hello and welcome to English with Lucy. Today we have another topic:" Four common British expressions." Now, before we get started, make sure you connect with me on all my social media which is right here. You can subscribe to my YouTube. You can also like me on Facebook. And for my Chinese followers, I have my Weibo account as well.

    Four Common British Expressions:

    "A piece of cake."

    And this is very similar to "Easy-peasy, lemon squeezy, " which we've discussed in a former video. And basically, it means very easy. So I might come out of an easy exam saving, "That exam was a piece of cake."

    "Break a leg!"

    It actually looks really rather cruel, but I promise you it's positive.  And "Break a leg!" means "Good luck!" So before a race, before a job interview, before a test, instead of saying "Good luck!" I might say "Break a leg!"

    "It cost an arm and a leg."

    And this basically means something was really expensive. If I say, "My bag cost an arm and a leg, " I mean it cost a lot of money.

    "To call it a day."

    And this means "to end a task". So, for example, "I'm feeling a bit tired. I think I'll call it a day. "That means "I think I'll stop here. Let's finish."

    Thank you so much for watching this program of "Four Common British Expressions." I hope you like it, and I hope you've learned something.

    1. (1) How can Chinese listeners connect with Lucy?
      A . With Wechat B . Through Weibo C . On Facebook D . By YouTube.
    2. (2) When John went to an English Speech Competition, you should say "_________" to him.
      A . Break a leg! B . It cost an arm and a leg. C . To call it a day D . A piece of cake.
    3. (3) What does he/she mean when the teacher says "Let's call it a day."?
      A . He /She will stop that day B . He /She feels tired C . Class is over. D . It is daytime.
  • 2. 阅读理解

    Do you like running enough to make it a habit? Tierney Wolfgram does; she has made running a lifelong career and isn't stopping.

    In February, the 16-year-old from a high school, US, competed at the 2020 US Olympic Trials. She finished the marathon (42.195 km) with a time of 2:42:47 as the youngest competitor in the race and ranked 76th out of 390 runners. However, the cross-country(越野的)season was postponed to winter because of the COVID-19. So she jumped at the opportunity to train for another race-the Parkway Marathon in California. In November, Wolfgram broke the Women's American Junior marathon record with her time of 2:31:49. The old record was 2:34:32, which had stood since 1984.

    "I'm completely stunned, "said Wolfgram's coach. "I knew she was going to break it, but she really showed out!"

    During the run, Wolfgram once hit a wall pretty hard, but she overcame it to finish. "I guess I can say I gave it my all, "she told Runner's World. "When I finished, all I was thinking was I felt super happy, " Wolfgram said This was only her third marathon. In 2018, when Wolfgram was 15 years old, she ran her first marathon just because she wanted to see if she had the ability to do it. "I believed that I would get faster as the distances got longer… I'm still glad that I did it. "

    When preparing for that first marathon, she ran up to 120 miles per week. Although her parents didn't have any background in running, they helped Wolfgram train. At first, her dad would take her out in the morning and run about 13 miles. The distance would gradually increase each day. On top of her runs in the morning, she would do cross-country practice after school.

    Now Wolfgram will consider attending the Olympics Games in 2024 after it's scheduled.

    1. (1) What can we learn about Wolfgram from Paragraph 2?
      A . She was the champion at the 2020 US Olympic Trials. B . She put off the cross-country season for the COVID-19. C . She broke an Olympic marathon record in November. D . She prepared for the Parkway Marathon in California.
    2. (2) What does the underlined word "stunned" in paragraph 3 refer to?
      A . Doubtful B . Worried. C . Shocked. D . Interested
    3. (3) What inspired Wolfgram to run her first marathon?
      A . Her parents' encouragement. B . Her desire to prove she could do it. C . Her coach's support and help. D . Her hope to break the national record
    4. (4) Which section of a newspaper does the passage probably come from?
      A . Sports. B . Lifestyle C . Culture. D . Opinion
  • 3. 阅读理解

    Culture can affect not just language and customs, but also how people experience the world on surprisingly basic levels.

    Researchers, with the help of brain scans, have uncovered shocking differences in perception(感知) between Westerners and Asians, what they see when they look at a city street, for example, or even how they perceive a simple line in a square, according to findings published in a leading science journal

    In western countries, culture makes people think of themselves as highly independent entities(实体) .When looking at scenes, Westerners tend to focus more on central objects than on their surroundings. East Asian cultures, however emphasize inter-dependence. When Easterners look at a scene, they tend to focus on surroundings as well as the object.

    Using an experiment involving two tasks, Dr Hedden asked subjects to look at a line simply to estimate its length, a task that is played to American strengths. In another, they estimated the line's length relative to the size of a square, an easier task for the Asians.

    The level of brain activity, by tracking blood flow, was then measured by Brain Scanners. The experiment found that although there was no difference in performance, and the tasks were very easy, the levels of activity in the subjects' brains were different. For the Americans, areas linked to attention lit up more, when they worked on the task they tended to find more difficult--estimating the line's size relative to the square. For the Asians, the attention areas lit up more during the harder task also--estimating the line's length without comparing it to the square. The findings are a reflection of more than ten years of previous experimental research into east-west differences

    In one study, for instance, researchers offered people a choice among five pens, four red and one green. Easterners were more likely to choose a red pen while Westerners were more likely to choose the green one.

    Culture is not affecting how you see the world, but how you choose to understand and internalize(使内化) it. But such habits can be changed. Some psychological studies suggest that when an Easterner goes to the West or vice versa, habits of thought and perception also begin to change. Such research gives us clues on how our brain works and is hopeful for us to develop programs to improve our memory, memory techniques and enhance and accelerate our learning skills.

    1. (1) According to the passage, Chinese people are most likely to_________.
      A . emphasize independent thinking more B . always focus more on their surroundings C . focus on the context as well as object D . think of Westerners as highly independent entities
    2. (2) We know from the passage that people's brains will be more active when_________.
      A . the task is much easier B . the blood flow is tracked C . people begin to choose colors D . the task is more difficult
    3. (3) What do the findings of the experiments mentioned in the passage indicate?
      A . They indicate that culture has a great impact on the way people talk and behave. B . They show that Easterners and Westerners have great differences in perceiving the world C . They suggest that people's habits of thought and perception can be changed in different cultures. D . They make it clear that Easterners and Westerners lay emphasis on different things
    4. (4) It can be inferred from the passage that_________.
      A . Easterners prefer collectivism to individualism B . East Asian cultures lay more emphasis on independence C . It took over ten years to find out how to improve our brainpower D . Americans will change their habits of perception when they're in Britain
  • 4. 阅读理解

    Artificial Intelligence (AI) advice is as influential as humans', but positive crowd views still overpower.

    In a study, researchers found that machines that make recommendations-or AI experts-were as influential as human experts when the AI experts recommended which photo users should add to their online business profiles. However, both AI and human experts failed to budge them if their feedback was negative and went against popular views among other users, said S. Shyam Sundar, a professor of Media Effects.

    Because people are increasingly using social media to look for feedback, studies suggest that expert opinions and the bandwagon effect (从众效应) may be important factors in influencing decisions. According to Jinping Wang, a doctoral candidate in mass communication and first author of the study. "Nowadays, we often turn to online platforms for opinions from other people-like our peers and experts-before making a decision, " said Wang. AI experts are often less expensive than human experts and they can also work 24 hours a day, which, Wang suggests, might make them appealing to online businesses.

    The researchers also found that the AI's group status (群体地位) -in this case, national origin was pointed out-did not seem to affect a person's acceptance of its recommendation. Among human experts, however, an expert from a similar national origin who offered a negative opinion of a photograph tended to be more influential than a human expert from an unknown country who offered a similar negative rating of a photograph.

    While findings that suggest group status may not affect whether a person values the view of AI experts sound like good news, Sundar suggests that the same cultural biases (偏见) might still be at work in AI experts for they could be hidden in the programming and training data.

    "It can be both good-and bad-because it all depends on what you feed AI, " said Sundar. "While it is good to believe in AI's ability to transcend (超越) cultural biases, we have to keep in mind that if you train the AI on pictures from one culture, they could give misleading recommendations on pictures meant for use in other cultural contexts."

    1. (1) What do the underlined words "budge them" in paragraph 2 mean?
      A . Raise their spirits. B . Satisfy their needs. C . Change their ideas. D . Fire their imagination.
    2. (2) Why do users often turn to AI experts?
      A . AI experts are more knowledgeable. B . AI experts are on hand and cost less. C . AI experts are less influenced by feelings. D . AI experts are so new as to be more attractive.
    3. (3) Which expert's negative assessments is a person more likely to believe?
      A . An expert who has great achievements in arts. B . An expert with better personality and attitude. C . A foreign expert who is very popular worldwide. D . An expert from countries with similar cultures to his.
    4. (4) What did Sundar mean by the last paragraph?
      A . People should have a mind of their own. B . People should be able to tell good from bad. C . People should know AI's hidden cultural biases. D . People should be trained how to use AI properly.
二、任务型阅读
  • 5. 任务型阅读

    Food safety is a problem in all places around the world and people in different areas of the world prepare foods in different ways. The WHO released five simple rules for preparing food in a safe way.

    Key 1: Keep clean

    The first key tells about the importance of washing. People should wash their hands often—before touching food, while they are preparing food, and any time after they go to the toilet People should wash all surfaces and equipment used for preparing food.

    Key 2: Separate raw and cooked

    People should separate raw, or uncooked food from foods that are already cooked and foods that will not be cooked. People should store raw meat, chicken, and fish in containers, or in separate areas Raw foods should not touch prepared foods.

    Key 3: Cook completely.

    People should cook eggs and meat, like birds, seafood, and animals, especially carefully. These foods may carry more micro-organisms than other foods.  It is also important that people re-heat cooked food completely.

    Key 4:

    When people are finished with eating, they should keep the leftover(吃剩的食物)in a refrigerator below 5℃ and shouldn't store it for too long. At room temperature, about 20℃, the amount of micro-organisms can increase very quickly. But temperatures above 60℃ or below 5℃ control the growth of micro-organisms.

    Key 5: Use safe water and raw materials.

    People should use safe water and choose fresh foods. Damaged or old food may develop harmful chemicals as it gets older.

    A. Keep food at safe temperatures.

    B. Eat cooked food immediately, while it is still hot.

    C. They call these rules the "Five Keys to Safer Food."

    D. Keeping everything clean helps people to avoid micro-organisms.

    E. They cannot grow so quickly in a very hot or very cold environment.

    F. People should also protect cooking areas and food from insects and animals.

    G. Food like soup must be boiled for at least a minute to make it be cooked completely.

三、完形填空
  • 6. 完形填空

    I used to be a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed. I have started to think about other people 1 I think about myself. I am happy that I am becoming a 2person:

    I think my 3started when I was at Palomar College. At first, I just wanted to get my 4, and be left alone. I thought I was smarter than everyone else, so I hardly ever 5to anyone in my classes. By the end of my first semester, I was really 6. It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun. So I tried a(n) 7. I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having trouble I 8to help. That was really a big 9for me. By the end of the year, I had several new friends, and two of 10are still my best friends today.

    A bigger cause of my new 11, however, came when I took a part-time job at a Vista Nursing Home. One old lady there who had Alzheimer s disease became my 12. Every time I came into her room, she was so 13because she thought I was her daughter. Her real daughter never 14her, so I took her place. She let me 15. That making others feel good make me feel good, too. When she died, I was 16, but I was very grateful to her.

    I think I am a much 17, person today than I used to be, and I hope I will not 18these experiences. They have 19e to care about other people more than about myself. 20who I am today, and I could not say that a few years ago.

    (1)
    A . since B . before C . or D . unless
    (2)
    A . famous B . simple C . different D . skilled
    (3)
    A . education B . career C . tour D . change
    (4)
    A . balance B . homework C . degree D . interest
    (5)
    A . talked B . wrote C . lied D . reported
    (6)
    A . careful B . lonely C . curious D . guilty
    (7)
    A . argument B . game C . experiment D . defence
    (8)
    A . dared B . offered C . hesitated D . happened
    (9)
    A . dream B . problem C . duty D . step
    (10)
    A . us B . which C . them D . whom
    (11)
    A . attitude B . hobby C . hope D . luck
    (12)
    A . friend B . partner C . guide D . guest
    (13)
    A . polite B . happy C . strange D . confident
    (14)
    A . bothered B . answered C . visited D . trusted
    (15)
    A . explain B . guess C . declare D . see
    (16)
    A . homeless B . heart broken C . bad-tempered D . hopeless
    (17)
    A . quieter B . busier C . better D . richer
    (18)
    A . forget B . face C . improve D . analyze
    (19)
    A . forced B . preferred C . ordered D . taught
    (20)
    A . miss B . like C . wonder D . expect
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
  • 7. 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

    Have you ever wondered where Lego(乐高积木)came from? Like many great inventions, the story is not just one of a great idea,  one of a ton of hard work and perseverance (毅力).

    The story started in Denmark. Ole Christiansen was a carpenter  was struggling with his small business. His wife died (short) after his fourth son was born. He had to work hard to support his family alone. He started making wood toys, but they didn't sell well. He decided his toys needed a name, and he chose  name" Lego".

    Unfortunately, several years later, his workshop  (burn) to the ground. Soon, he started to make a few plastic toys. He got the idea to create a "system" of toys that would build up kids'  (imagine) and creativity. He decided to stop  (make) wood toys and focus only on the connected plastic toys. Then he started to build more and more kinds of  (model). Each one had to be of the  (high) quality, which can be reflected in Lego's motto — "Only the best is good enough."

    Thanks to their perseverance, kids can enjoy Lego toys, movies, amusement parks and clothing. But none of this would have existed at that time if they  (give up) when times got hard.

五、短文改错
  • 8. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作九 文中共 有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除、或修改。
    增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ,并在其下面写上该加的词。

    删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

    修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

    注意:1)每次错误以及修改仅限一词;

    2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

    As we can see, some students in our school are in poor health, what deserves our attention. It is obvious that poor health is close related to bad living habits. Some students stay up late doing their homework and playing with their mobile phones. As result, they have difficulty concentrating on our lessons in class. Some students don't have a balanced diet. They always eat snacks instead of having healthy meal. Besides, some students never take exercise, which lead to weight problems.

    It is time to reflecting on our way of life. Let's develop good living habits to keep fit. By having enough sleep, eat a balanced diet and taking regular exercise, we can live in healthily and happily.

六、提纲类作文
  • 9. 假定你是中学生李华,得知2022年北京冬奥会组委会正通过China Daily招募志愿者。请根据以下要点,给组委会写一封英文信,提出申请。内容包括:

    1)写信目的;

    2)说明个人优势:精通英语,热爱运动,有类似经历;

    3)希望申请成功。

    注意:1)词数100左右;

    2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

    3)结束语已为你写好,不计入总词数。

    Dear Sir/Madame,

    ……

    I'm looking forward to your early reply.

    Yours,

    Li Hua

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