YOU are on your way home after school. Suddenly, you see a man lying on the road. He is badly injured but the ambulance (急救车) hasn't come yet, what would you do? Middle school students in Louisville, US, would give the man a cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR, 心肺复苏). It is a type of first aid. That is because they learn CPR in class.
Louisville started the CPR Anytime program months ago. The program teaches middle school students CPR with face and lung dummies (仿制品) and DVDs in class. "We know CPR can help save people's lives," said Joseph Laskowski, who works for the program. "The more people can use CPR, the more injured people can get help. And we know that the best way to teach CPR skills to everyone is to build it into our school."
Through the program, students learn and practice the CPR skills on a dummy while watching a DVD. Each student can also take back home a set of faces and lung bag dummies so that they can use them to share CPR with family and friends.
Shawna Jackson is a 12-year-old student at Lassiter Middle School in Louisville. In one class, she learned to press down on a dummy and do chest compressions (压缩). She said that she found CPR was very difficult the first time she tried it, but now she feels "it's quite easy."
Jackson is very glad that she has learned this important skill for saving people's lives. "If I'm somewhere and I see someone who is injured, I can help him or her until the ambulance arrives," said Jackson.
First aid is a very useful skill to have. By learning it, you could save someone's life someday. But in China, less than 1 percent of adults have first aid knowledge, according to the China Science Communication website.
The Ministry of Education (MOE) realized this. On Aug 24, it issued a statement along with the Red Cross Society of China. It asked all public schools in China to provide first aid courses, including CPR (心肺复苏) training, as part of their health classes. Then, how does CPR help? CPR is an important first aid skill that can save people of cardiac arrest. The first few minutes are very important. If CPR correctly happens to the people within the first four to six minutes, the people will have better chances to survive.
A 2019 report by the State Council showed that 64.6 percent of schools already have these courses. However, the results aren't good. According to the MOE statement, future results are expected to be better.
Other countries also tried to provide first aid training for their citizens. In 1966, the US government said police officers, firefighters, middle school teachers and college instructors must receive CPR training. A 2017 report showed that 65 percent of Americans received CPR training.
In Switzerland, all citizens learn first aid skills. In Germany, 80 percent of people received first aid training, according to CGTN.
It's just another day at school. You and your friend are playing in the classroom. Suddenly, your friend's nose starts to bleed(流血). What would you do? Would you do something to help your friend?
In daily life, we run into emergencies now and then. Nosebleeds are just one kind of emergency. But if you learn some basic first aid skills, you can help people during emergencies.
The second Saturday of September is World First Aid Day. First aid, as its name tells us, means the first steps you can take to care for someone who gets hurt. It includes keeping him safe and staying calm. It also includes getting help by telling other people or calling 120.
Every year in China, 3.2 million people die in emergencies. That's an average(平均数) of six people per minute. Doctors say that the first 10 minutes after an accident can make the difference between life and death. This is why it's important for us to learn first aid.
CPR(心肺复苏术) is one of the most useful first aid skills. It can help people who suffer cardiac arrest(心脏骤停). But if you want to perform CPR, you need to learn how to do it properly. You can take courses offered by the Red Cross Society or some hospitals.
No one wants to be in a life-or-death situation. However, if you are getting into such a dangerous situation, what will you do, fight or flight?
When 13-year-old Joe Rowlands and his dad were in a kayak (皮艇) accident, the brave teenager chose to fight. He not only fought for his own life, but also saved his father's.
On that day, Joe and his father Paul were out on their kayak off the coast of Anglesey in the UK. Suddenly they noticed that the kayak was starting to fill with water. Then they found out there was a hole in the floor of the boat. Without another choice, Paul turned the boat over. He asked Joe to climb on top so that he could push the boat to a nearby island.
However, the rough (汹涌的) waves made it too hard for Paul to push the boat to land. They had to swim without the boat. Luckily, Joe made his way to the island safely. But when he looked back, he found his dad was no longer swimming. Risking his life, Joe jumped back into the cold water and managed to drag (拽) his dad up onto some rocks. Then Joe did CPR (心肺复苏) on his dad until he came around.
"I'm very proud of him. He acted with courage. " Paul said of his son.
The importance of first aid
First aid is the immediate care given to a person who has been injured or suddenly ill, including self- help and home care if medical help is not available or delayed. First aid knowledge means life or death during an emergency situation so that the greatest possible good may be done for the greatest number of people.
General Treatment to Burns
Move the injured away from the heat source.
Check the breathing and pulse as well as the extent and depth of burns.
Flush the burnt area with water to reduce pain.
Cover the wound with a sterilized(已消毒的) dressing.
For facial burns, use sheet or something else to cover the burnt area.
Heatstroke(中暑)
To avoid heatstroke, you should stop rough activities in hot weather. If you are still to go outdoors, you should:
wear light loose-fitting clothing;
rest in a cool place as often as possible;
drink pure water or fruit juice;
avoid beverage(饮料) such as milk, tea, wine and beer.
First Aid Training
There are some organizations giving first aid courses recognized by the local government. For more information, you can call the Fire Services Ambulance Command Training School on 2640 3708.
If you or someone near you is in danger, how will you do the first aid？Mr. Zhang, a doctor in Beijing First Aid Center has some useful suggestions.
Check the environment. Watch the situation carefully. Is there anything that might do harm to you？Will you or the victim be hurt by fire, harmful smoke, a broken building, electrical wires or other dangerous situations？Do not rush into a place where you could be a victim yourself.
If being close to the victim will put your life in danger, search for skilled help at once. Skilled people have received special training and know how to deal with these situations. First aid isn't helpful if you do it but hurt yourself.
Call for help. Call the police or some other first-aid services immediately if you believe someone is seriously injured. If you are the only person on the scene, try to restart the patient, s breath before calling for help. Do not leave the victim alone.
Care for the person. Care for someone who has just gone through serious hardness. Remember to stay calm, encourage him(her)and you should be reassuring. Let the person know that help is on its way and that everything will be all right.
Basic first aid( 急救 ) allows you to quickly learn about a person's physical condition and the correct course of treatment. You should always look for professional medical help as soon as you can. I'm glad to give the speech here. It's useful to have some first aid knowledge in life. When someone is injured( 受伤 ), you should always give help as soon as possible. The following right first aid ways can be the difference between life and death.
It's very important to do the Three Cs.
First, check the situation carefully. Are there things that might put you at risk of getting hurt? Are there cars, fire or other dangerous things? Don't put yourself into a situation where you can be injured.
Then, call for help. If you can't help a lot, find professional help right away. They know how to work out these situations. They have higher levels of training and know how to control these situations. If you think someone is seriously injured, call professional people for help. If you are the only person there, try to keep the person alive before you call for help. Don't leave the person by himself or herself for a long time.
Finally, care for the person who hurts. Remember to try to be relaxed. Let the person know that help is on the way and that everything will be all right.
| First Aid: Nosebleeds Keep calm and stay in a safe place. Press both sides of the nose while the patient sits and leans (倾斜) forward. If bleeding continue, press harder until bleeding stops. Call 120 for help if:— Bleeding doesn't stop in 15 minutes. — Bleeding is heavy. — The patient has trouble breathing. |
Hello, I'm Zheng Yishi from Shanghai. I'm 15 years old. I study at Walsh Jesuit High School in Cleveland, Ohio, US. I like reading, traveling and listening to music. I'm glad to share my experience with you.
Have you ever wondered what PE classes are like in other countries? In China, PE tests are required to graduate from both middle school and high school. To get good grades on the PE tests, Chinese students will need to practice running as well as doing sit-ups and pull-ups. However, this is not the way that PE classes work in US high schools.
In my high school, we are required to take two terms of PE to graduate. We play real sports during PE classes, such as basketball and volleyball. There are also some other typical American sports that we often play, such as kickball and dodgeball (躲避球).
I didn't know the rules of kickball and dodgeball when I first came to the US. The teacher allowed me to sit on the sidelines and watch how other students played it in order to let me find out the rules.
We also learn some useful life skills in PE. Last year, I learned how to do CPR(心肺复苏), which is a life-saving skill. We were also taught how to provide first aid to someone who is choking(窒息).These skills are a large part of the final grade for the PE class in my high school. Self-defense(自卫)is taught in PE class as well. This includes some tae kwon do(跆拳道)and karate(空手道) skills, as well as Chinese kung fu. It is practical. I prefer PE classes in the US to the ones in China. I think they are more fun and useful. What do you think?
When a person is hurt or suddenly(突然) becomes ill, people givehim care at once. We call it first aid. If we don't want to be helpless in sucha situation, we have to know first aid. Immediate action is necessary when someone loses lots of blood or whenbreathing stopped for a short time.
Everyone should knowsomething about how to care for a person with a sudden illness. Even a smallinjury(损伤) can be very dangerous. Andit may result in death, so everyone should know something about first aid.
When first aiders facea sudden situation, they must be able to keep calm( 镇静的) and
organize other people to help. He or she mustknow how to control blood and take care of injuries. Knowing how to move theinjured without causing more injuries is also very important.
In our country, hundreds ofpeople die in traffic accidents every year because most people don't have firstaid information. If more people know information aboutit,morelives could be saved. We may face asudden situation anywhere. One day somebody from our family may get hurt orsuddenly become ill. If we don't want to be helpless in such a situation, wehave to know first aid.
